Calculi, commonly known as stones, can form anywhere along the urinary tract; a condition known as urolithiasis (Reisner & Reisner, 2017). Stones are characterized by high concentrations of uric acid or calcium salts, and emanate from three primary factors: high concentrations of salts in the urine, infection of the urinary tract, and urinary tract obstruction […]
Read MoreOne hundred years ago, processed foods were minimal, mostly in the form of alcohol and breads. In the present day, societies contain many forms of processed products. Moreover, processed food is a dominant form of sustenance both in high-income and middle-income countries such as the United States (Monteiro, Moubarac, Cannon, Ng, & Popkin, 2013). With […]
Read MoreIn my last post, I covered a brief history of Scotland and how they circumvented vitamin D deficiencies. The intent of providing a brief history of the Scots and vitamin D intake was to show the complex interplay of environment, physiology, cultural proclivities, and economics on the effects of health. It was also my intent […]
Read MoreMacronutrients (i.e., carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) are generally understood concepts among the population, in which awareness is propagated through social media, online sources, DVDs, and class instruction (Johnston et al., 2014). There are also many nutritional approaches (i.e., Atkins, Zone, LEARN, and Ornish diets) that attempt to implement the aforementioned macronutrients to reach favourable weight […]
Read MoreIn my last post, I noted that modern Western diets, including macronutrient ratios and macronutrient quality, were substantially different than the hominin diets 10,000 years ago (Ilich, Kelly, Kim, & Spicer, 2014). Of particular interest is the stratification of then and now between daily carbohydrate consumption and carbohydrate quality. In the following sections, I would […]
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